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MSGGET
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)Updated: 1993-11-01
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NAME
msgget - get a message queue identifierSYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <sys/msg.h>
int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
DESCRIPTION
The function returns the message queue identifier associated with the value of the key argument. A new message queue is created if key has the value IPC_PRIVATE or key isn't IPC_PRIVATE, no message queue with the given key key exists, and IPC_CREAT is asserted in msgflg (i.e., msgflg&IPC_CREAT is nonzero). The presence in msgflg of the fields IPC_CREAT and IPC_EXCL plays the same role, with respect to the existence of the message queue, as the presence of O_CREAT and O_EXCL in the mode argument of the open(2) system call: i.e. the msgget function fails if msgflg asserts both IPC_CREAT and IPC_EXCL and a message queue already exists for key.Upon creation, the lower 9 bits of the argument msgflg define the access permissions of the message queue. These permission bits have the same format and semantics as the access permissions parameter in open(2) or creat(2) system calls. (The execute permissions are not used.)
If a new message queue is created, the system call initializes the system message queue data structure msqid_ds as follows:
- msg_perm.cuid and msg_perm.uid are set to the effective user-ID of the calling process.
- msg_perm.cgid and msg_perm.gid are set to the effective group-ID of the calling process.
- The lowest order 9 bits of msg_perm.mode are set to the lowest order 9 bit of msgflg.
- msg_qnum, msg_lspid, msg_lrpid, msg_stime and msg_rtime are set to 0.
- msg_ctime is set to the current time.
- msg_qbytes is set to the system limit MSGMNB.
If the message queue already exists the access permissions are verified, and a check is made to see if it is marked for destruction.
RETURN VALUE
If successful, the return value will be the message queue identifier (a nonnegative integer), otherwise -1 with errno indicating the error.ERRORS
On failure, errno is set to one of the following values:- EACCES
- A message queue exists for key, but the calling process has no access permissions to the queue.
- EEXIST
- A message queue exists for key and msgflg was asserting both IPC_CREAT and IPC_EXCL.
- ENOENT
- No message queue exists for key and msgflg wasn't asserting IPC_CREAT.
- ENOMEM
- A message queue has to be created but the system has not enough memory for the new data structure.
- ENOSPC
- A message queue has to be created but the system limit for the maximum number of message queues (MSGMNI) would be exceeded.
NOTES
IPC_PRIVATE isn't a flag field but a key_t type. If this special value is used for key, the system call ignores everything but the lowest order 9 bits of msgflg and creates a new message queue (on success).The following is a system limit on message queue resources affecting a msgget call:
- MSGMNI
- System wide maximum number of message queues: policy dependent.
BUGS
The name choice IPC_PRIVATE was perhaps unfortunate, IPC_NEW would more clearly show its function.CONFORMING TO
SVr4, SVID. Until version 2.3.20 Linux would return EIDRM for a msgget on a message queue scheduled for deletion.SEE ALSO
ftok(3), ipc(5), msgctl(2), msgsnd(2), msgrcv(2)