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CHOWN
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)Updated: May 18, 1997
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chown, fchown, lchown - ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼԤòÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë½ñ¼°
#include <sys/types.h>#include <unistd.h>
int chown(const char *path, uid_t owner, gid_t group);
int fchown(int fd, uid_t owner, gid_t group);
int lchown(const char *path, uid_t owner, gid_t group);
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path ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢ fd ¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼÔ(owner)¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¡¦¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤À¤±¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼԤòÊѹ¹¤Ç¤¤ë¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼԤϡ¢¤½¤Î½êͼԤ¬Â°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ë ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£ ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¡¦¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Ï¡¢Ç¤°Õ¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÊѹ¹¤Ç¤¤ë¡£¤â¤·¡¢ owner ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï group ¤Ë -1 ¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤ì¤é¤ÎID¤ÏÊѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
When the owner or group of an executable file are changed by a non-super-user, the S_ISUID and S_ISGID mode bits are cleared. POSIX does not specify whether this also should happen when root does the chown; the Linux behaviour depends on the kernel version.
¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼°Ê³°¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¼Â¹Ô¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼԤޤ¿¤Ï¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬ Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï S_ISUID ¤È ISGID ¥â¡¼¥É¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ï¥¯¥ê¥¢¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ POSIX ¤Ï¤³¤ÎÆ°ºî¤ä¥ë¡¼¥È¤¬ chown ¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÏÆä˻ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£ È󥰥롼¥×¼Â¹Ô¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë(S_IXGRP ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤)¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï S_ISGID ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ï¶¯À©¥í¥Ã¥¯(mandatory locking)¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£ ¤½¤·¤Æ¤½¤ì¤Ï chown ¤Ç¤Ï¥¯¥ê¥¢¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
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À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢0¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£ ¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢-1¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢ errno ¤ËŬÀÚ¤ÊÃͤòÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£¥¨¥é¡¼
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¾¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë»ö¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£ chmod ¤Ç°ìÈÌŪ¤Ê¥¨¥é¡¼¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ëµó¤²¤ë:
- EPERM
- ¼Â¸ú/(effective)UID¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½êͼԤȰìÃפ»¤º¡¢ ¥¼¥í¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢ owner ¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï group ¤¬Àµ¤·¤¯»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
- EROFS
- »ØÄꤷ¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Æɤ߹þ¤ßÀìÍÑ(read-only)¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£
- EFAULT
- path ¤¬³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö³°¤ò»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
- ENAMETOOLONG
- path ¤¬Ä¹²á¤®¤ë¡£
- ENOENT
- ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
- ENOMEM
- ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë½½Ê¬¤Ê¥á¥â¥ê¤¬¤Ê¤¤¡£
- ENOTDIR
- path ¤Î¹½À®Í×ÁǤ¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¡£
- EACCES
- path ¤Î¹½À®Í×ÁǤ˸¡º÷µö²Ä(search permission)¤¬¤Ê¤¤¡£
- ELOOP
- path ¤ò²ò·è¤¹¤ëºÝ¤ËÁø¶ø¤·¤¿¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤¬Â¿²á¤®¤ë¡£
fchown ¤Ç°ìÈÌŪ¤Ê¥¨¥é¡¼¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ëµó¤²¤ë:
- EBADF
- ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤¬Í¸ú¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¡£
- ENOENT
- ¾åµ¤ò»²¾È¡£
- EPERM
- ¾åµ¤ò»²¾È¡£
- EROFS
- ¾åµ¤ò»²¾È¡£
- EIO
- i¥Î¡¼¥É(inode)¤ò½¤Àµ¤¹¤ëºÝ¤ËÄã¥ì¥Ù¥ë I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¡£
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Linux ¤Î 2.1.81 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó (ÆÃ¤Ë 2.1.46°ÊÁ°) ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ chown ¤Ï¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òÄÉÀפ·¤Ê¤¤¡£ Linux 2.1.81 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï chown ¤Ï¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òÄÉÀפ·¡¢¿·¤¿¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¡¦¥³¡¼¥ë lchown ¤Ï¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òÄÉÀפ·¤Ê¤¤¡£ Linux 2.1.86 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¿·¤·¤¤¥³¡¼¥ë(¸Å¤¤ chown ¤ÈÁ´¤¯Æ±¤¸Æ°ºî¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦)¤ÏƱ¤¸¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ëÈÖ¹æ¤ò»ý¤Á chown ¤Ï¿·¤·¤¯Æ³Æþ¤µ¤ì¤¿ÈÖ¹æ¤ò»ý¤Ä¡£fchown ¤Ï _BSD_SOURCE ¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Î¤ßÍøÍѤǤ¤ë¡£ (ÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï°ÅÌÛ¤Ë _POSIX_SOURCE ¤òÄêµÁ¤»¤º¡¢-ansi ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò »ØÄꤷ¤Æ¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð _BSD_SOURCE ¤¬¼«Æ°Åª¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤ë)
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chown ¤Ï SVr4, SVID, POSIX, X/OPEN ¤È¸ß´¹À¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£4.4BSD ÈÇ¤Ç¤Ï ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¡¦¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î¤ß¤¬»ÈÍѤǤ¤ë¡£ SVr4 ¤Ë¤Ï EINVAL, EINTR, ENOLINK, EMULTIHOP ¤òÊÖ¤¹¤Èµ½Ò¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢ ENOMEM ¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£POSIX.1 ¤Ë¤Ï ENOMEM, ELOOP ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æµ½Ò¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£fchown ¤Ï 4.4BSD, SVr4 ¤È¸ß´¹À¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£ SVr4 ¤Ë¤Ï¾¤Ë EINVAL, EIO, EINTR, ENOLINK ¥¨¥é¡¼¾õÂ֤ˤĤ¤¤Æ¤Îµ½Ò¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
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chown() Êý¼°¤Ï UID ¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤¿ NFS ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È ¿¯³²¤¹¤ë¡£¤µ¤é¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆâÍƤ˥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¹¤ëÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¡¦¥³¡¼¥ë¤ò ¿¯³²¤¹¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï chown() ¤¬´û¤Ë¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ¹¤ë ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤ò¤¿¤À¤Á¤Ë¼è¤ê¾Ã¤¹¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤ë¡£¥¯¥é¥¤¥¢¥ó¥È¦¤Î¥¥ã¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ë¤è¤ê ½ê͸¢¤¬Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤Æ¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¬µö¤·¤¿»þÅÀ¤È¡¢¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¾¤Î ¥¯¥é¥¤¥¢¥ó¥È¤Ç¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ç¤¤ë»þÅÀ¤È¤Î´Ö¤Ë »þ´Öº¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
chmod(2), flock(2)