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DIRNAME
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)Updated: December 14, 2000
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dirname, basename - ¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ò¥Ñ¡¼¥¹¤·¤Æ³ÆÉôʬ¤ò¼è¤ê½Ð¤¹½ñ¼°
#include <libgen.h> char *dirname(char *path); char *basename(char *path);
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dirname ¤È basename ¤Ï¡¢NUL ʸ»ú¤Ç½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ò¡¢ ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÉôʬ¡¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾Éôʬ¤Ëʬ³ä¤¹¤ë¡£ Ä̾ï¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï dirname ¤ÏºÇ¸å¤Î '/' ¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÉôʬ (ºÇ¸å¤Î '/' ¤Ï´Þ¤Þ¤Ê¤¤) ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢ basename ¤ÏºÇ¸å¤Î '/' °Ê¹ß¤ÎÉôʬ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£ ʸ»úÎó¤ÎËöÈø¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤¿ '/' ʸ»ú¤Ï¡¢¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î°ìÉô¤È¤Ï¤ß¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£path ¤Ë '/' ʸ»ú¤¬¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ dirname ¤Ïʸ»úÎó "." ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢ basename ¤Ï path ¤ÈƱ¤¸ÆâÍƤòÊÖ¤¹¡£ path ¤¬Ê¸»úÎó "/" ¤ËÅù¤·¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ dirname ¤â basename ¤âʸ»úÎó "/" ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£ path ¤¬ NULL ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¤À¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢¶õ¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ò»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ dirname ¤â basename ¤âʸ»úÎó "." ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
dirname ¤ÎÊÖ¤·¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¡¢ "/"¡¢ basename ¤ÎÊÖ¤·¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¡¢ ¤ò½ç¤Ë·ë¹ç¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢´°Á´¤Ê¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
dirname ¤È basename ¤Ï¡¢¤¤¤º¤ì¤â path ¤ÎÆâÍƤòÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£ ¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾Ê¸»úÎó¤òÊݸ¤·¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ë¤Ï¥³¥Ô¡¼¤òÅϤ¹¤³¤È¡£ ¤µ¤é¤Ë dirname ¤ª¤è¤Ó basename ¤Ï¡¢ÀÅŪ¤Ë³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤¿¥á¥â¥ê¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÎΰè¤Ï¸å¤Î´Ø¿ô¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¾å½ñ¤¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
°Ê²¼¤Î°ìÏ¢¤ÎÎã (SUSv2 ¤«¤éºÎ¤Ã¤¿) ¤Ï¡¢ ¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤Ê path ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ dirname ¤È basename ¤¬ÊÖ¤¹Ê¸»úÎó¤òɽ¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
path dirname basename "/usr/lib" "/usr" "lib" "/usr/" "/" "usr" "usr" "." "usr" "/" "/" "/" "." "." "." ".." "." ".."
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char *dirc, *basec, *bname, *dname;
char *path = "/etc/passwd";
dirc = strdup(path);
basec = strdup(path);
dname = dirname(dirc);
bname = basename(basec);
printf("dirname=%s, basename=%s\n", dname, bname);
free(dirc);
free(basec);
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dirname ¤È basename ¤Ï¡¢¤¤¤º¤ì¤â NUL ʸ»ú¤Ç½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£¥Ð¥°
¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.2.1 ¤ª¤è¤Ó¤½¤ì¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ dirname ¤ÏËöÈø¤¬ '/' ʸ»ú¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤òÀµ¤·¤¯°·¤ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£ ¤Þ¤¿°ú¤¿ô¤¬ NULL ¤À¤È¥»¥°¥á¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó°ãÈ¿¤òµ¯¤³¤·¤¿¡£½àµò
SUSv2´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
dirname(1), basename(1)