FOPEN

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FILE *fopen (const char *path, const char *mode);
FILE *fdopen (int fildes, const char *mode);
FILE *freopen (const char *path, const char *mode, FILE *stream);  

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°ú¿ô mode ¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Ë³¤¯Ê¸»ú¤Î¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤«¤é»Ï¤Þ¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ (ÄɲäÎʸ»ú¤¬¤³¤Îʸ»ú¤Î¸å¤Ë³¤¯¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤ë):

r

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r+

Æɤ߼è¤ê¤ª¤è¤Ó½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë³«¤¯¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë°ÌÃÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

w

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë³«¤¯¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬´û¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤ÏŤµ¥¼¥í¤ËÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤ë¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¿·¤¿¤ËºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë°ÌÃÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

w+

Æɤ߼è¤ê¤ª¤è¤Ó½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë³«¤¯¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¿·¤¿¤ËºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£ ¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤ÏŤµ¥¼¥í¤ËÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë°ÌÃÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

a

½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë³«¤¯¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¿·¤¿¤ËºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ë°ÌÃÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

a+

Æɤ߼è¤ê¤ª¤è¤Ó½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë³«¤¯¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¿·¤¿¤ËºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ë°ÌÃÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

mode ʸ»úÎó¤Ë¤Ïʸ»ú ``b'' ¤òÄɲûØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¾å½Ò¤Î¤¦¤Á¤Î 2ʸ»ú¤«¤é¤Ê¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ºÇ¸å¤Îʸ»ú¤È¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï2¤Ä¤Îʸ»ú¤Î´Ö¤Ë¤Ç¤â »ØÄê¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï ANSI X3.159-1989 (``ANSI C'') ¤È¤Î¸ß´¹À­¤Î¤¿¤á¤À¤±¤ËÍÑ°Õ¤µ¤ì¤¿ ¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢´Ø¿ô¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤«¤Ê¤ë±Æ¶Á¤â»ý¤¿¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¢Linux ¤ò´Þ¤àÁ´¤Æ¤Î POSIX ½àµò¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¤³¤Î ``b'' ¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ (¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤È¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÌ¡¹¤Ë°·¤¦¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢ ¤â¤·¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆþ½ÐÎϤò¹Ô¤¤¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬Èó UNIX ´Ä¶­¤Ø°Ü¿¢¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Èͽ¬¤¹¤ë¤Ê¤é¡¢ ``b''¤òÉÕ¤±¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤ÏÎɤ¤¹Í¤¨¤Ç¤¢¤ë)

¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ÎÀ¸À®¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢ S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|S_IWOTH (0666) ¤Î¥â¡¼¥É¤ò ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î umask Ãͤˤè¤Ã¤Æ½¤Àµ¤·¤¿¥â¡¼¥É¤ò»ý¤Ä ( umask(2) ¤ò¸«¤è)

read/write¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤ÏǤ°Õ¤Î½ç½ø¤ÇÆɤ߽ñ¤­¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ ¤¿¤À¤· ANSI C ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ (ÆþÎÏÁàºî¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎËöÈø¤ËÅþ㤷¤¿¾ì¹ç¤ò½ü¤¤¤Æ) ½ÐÎϤÈÆþÎϤδ֤ˤϥե¡¥¤¥ë¤Î°ÌÃÖ·è¤á´Ø¿ô¤ò ¶´¤Þ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤µ¤ì¤¿¤¤¡£ (¤³¤Î¾ò·ï¤òËþ­¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Æɤ߹þ¤ßÁàºî¤Ï¡¢ ºÇ¸å¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤¯¡¢°ÊÁ°¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿ ÃͤòÊÖ¤¹¤³¤È¤òµö¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£) ¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ç¤ÎÆɤ߽ñ¤­Áàºî¤Î´Ö¤Ë¤Ï fseek ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï fgetpos Áàºî¤ò¶´¤ó¤Ç¤ª¤¯¤ÈÎɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦ (Linux ¤Ç¤ÏËÜÅö¤ËɬÍפȤʤ뤳¤È¤â¤È¤­¤É¤­¤¢¤ë)¡£ ¤³¤ÎÁàºî¤Ï¸«¤«¤±¾å²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤Áàºî (no-op) ¤Ç¤âÎɤ¤ (Î㤨¤Ð fseek(..., 0L, SEEK_CUR) ¤ò ¤½¤ÎÉû¼¡Åª¸ú²Ì¤Ç¤¢¤ë¥·¥ó¥¯¥í¥Ê¥¤¥º¤Î¤¿¤á¤À¤±¤Ë¸Æ¤Ù¤ÐÎɤ¤)¡£

fdopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢´û¸¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼ (file descriptor) fildes ¤Ë¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤ò·ë¤Ó¤Ä¤±¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Î mode ("r", "r+", "w", "w+", "a", "a+" ¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«) ¤Ï ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤Î¥â¡¼¥É¤È¸ß´¹¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¿·¤·¤¤¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°ÌÃÖɽ¼¨»Ò (file position indicator) ¤Ï fildes ¤Ë°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÃͤËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£ error ¤È end-of-file ¤Î³Æɽ¼¨»Ò (indicator) ¤Ï¥¯¥ê¥¢¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ "w" ¤ª¤è¤Ó "w+" ¥â¡¼¥É¤Ç¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤Ï¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤ÎÊ£À½(dup)¤Ï¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç fdopen ¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤¬¥¯¥í¡¼¥º¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤â¥¯¥í¡¼¥º¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¶¦Í­¥á¥â¥ê¤Î¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È¤Ø fdopen ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¤È¤­¤Î·ë²Ì¤ÏÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£

freopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï path ¤Ç̾Á°¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò³«¤­¡¢ stream ¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ë¡¢¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÏ¢·ë¤¹¤ë¡£ ¤â¤È¤Î¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï(¤â¤·Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï)ÊĤ¸¤é¤ì¤ë¡£ mode °ú¿ô¤Ï fopen ´Ø¿ô¤ÈƱ¤¸·Á¤Ç»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£ freopen ´Ø¿ô¤Î¼ç¤ÊÍÑÅӤϡ¢É¸½à¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à (stderr¡¢stdin¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ïstdout) ¤ËÏ¢·ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£  

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EINVAL

fopen, fdopen, freopen ¤ÇÍ¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿ mode ¤¬ÉÔŬÀڤǤ¢¤ë¡£

fopen, fdopen, freopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï malloc(3) ¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ç¤â¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¤½¤Î»þ¤ÏÂбþ¤¹¤ëÃÍ¤Ë errno ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

fopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï open(2) ¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ç¤â¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¤½¤Î»þ¤ÏÂбþ¤¹¤ëÃÍ¤Ë errno ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

fdopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï fcntl(2) ¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ç¤â¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¤½¤Î»þ¤ÏÂбþ¤¹¤ëÃÍ¤Ë errno ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

freopen ´Ø¿ô¤Ï open(2), fclose(3), fflush(3) ³Æ¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ç¤â¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¤½¤Î»þ¤ÏÂбþ¤¹¤ëÃÍ¤Ë errno ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¡£  

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