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INITRD

Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (4)
Updated: 6 November 1997
Index Return to Main Contents
 

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/dev/initrd ¥¹¥Ú¥·¥ã¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÏÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ßÀìÍѤΥ֥í¥Ã¥¯¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ /dev/initrd ¤Ï¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬µ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À(boot loader)¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ ½é´ü²½(Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¥í¡¼¥É)¤µ¤ì¤ë¥é¥à¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯(RAM disk)¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¸å /dev/initrd ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤ò 2 Ãʳ¬¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àµ¯Æ°(two phased system boot-up)¤ËÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£

ºÇ½é¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×Ãʳ¬(first boot-up phase)¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ½é´ü²½¤µ¤ì¤¿ RAM disk ¤Ç¤¢¤ë) /dev/initrd ¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤ò½é´ü¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à(root file-system) ¤È¤·¤Æ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È ¤·¤Æµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¡£ ÂèÆóÃʳ¬¤Ç¤Ï½é´ü¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤«¤é¡¢ÄɲäΥɥ饤 ¥Ð¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥â¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤¬¥í¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ÄɲäΥ⥸¥å¡¼¥ë¤¬¥í¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤¿¸å¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à(¤¹¤Ê¤ï ¤Á¡¢Ä̾ï»þ¤Î¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à)¤¬Ê̤ΥǥХ¤¥¹¤«¤é¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£  

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1. ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Ï¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤È /dev/initrd ¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤ò¥á¥â¥ê¤Ë¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¡£

2. ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëµ¯Æ°»þ¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï /dev/initrd ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤òŸ³«¤·¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë¡£¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢ /dev/initrd ¤Î»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¥á¥â¥ê¤ò³«Êü¤¹¤ë¡£

3. ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï /dev/ram0 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò½é´ü¤Î¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤·¤ÆÆÉ¤ß½ñ¤­²Äǽ¤Ê·Á¼°¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó ¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

4. ¤â¤·¡¢»Ø¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬½é´ü¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à (Î㤨¤Ð /dev/ram0 )¤ÈƱ°ì¤Ê¤é¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ÏÉáÄ̤Υ֡¼¥È¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Î¤¿¤á¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Î¥¹¥Æ¥Ã¥×¤ò ¾Êά¤¹¤ë¡£

5. ¤â¤·¡¢ /linuxrc ¤È¤¤¤¦¼Â¹Ô²Äǽ¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬½é´ü¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤ÆÄ󶡤µ¤ì ¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢ /linuxrc ¤ò¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID 0(¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¢root)¤Î¸¢¸Â¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¡£ ( /linuxrc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¼Â¹Ô²Äǽ¥Ñ¡¼¥ß¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ /linuxrc ¤ÏÀµÅö¤Ê¼Â¹Ô¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¯¡¢¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ç¤â¹½¤ï¤Ê¤¤)¡£

6. ¤â¤·¡£ /linuxrc ¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢ /linuxrc ¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿»þ¤Ï¡¢Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ (¤â¤· /linuxrc ¤ò½ªÎ»¤·¤¿»þ¡¢²¿¤é¤«¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬½é´ü¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ë ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Îưºî¤Ï ·è¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤(ÉÔÄê¤Ç¤¢¤ë) ¸½ºß¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ëưºî¤¹¤ë¤«¤Ï¡¢ Ãí°Õ ¤Î¥»¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È)¡£

7. ¤â¤·¡¢Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬ /initrd ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò¤â¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ê¤é¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ï / ¤«¤é /initrd ¤Ë°Üư¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ /initrd ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤Ï¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ( / ¤¬ /initrd ¤Ë°Ü¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ /dev/ram0 ¤Ï¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤ÇÁö¤ê»Ï¤á¤¿¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ»Ä¤ë»ö¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ ¤â¤·¡¢ /initrd ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¸ºß¤»¤º¡¢ /linuxrc ¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿»þ¤Ë /dev/ram0 ¾å¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿¡¢¤Ê¤ó¤é¤«¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬Áö¤ê³¤±¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Î ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Îưºî¤Ï ·è¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤(ÉÔÄê¤Ç¤¢¤ë)¡£ ¸½ºß¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬¡¢¤³¤Î»þ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Êưºî¤ò¤¹¤ë¤«¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ Ãí°Õ ¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È)¡£

8. ÉáÄ̤Υ֡¼¥È¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹(Î㤨¤Ð¡¢ /sbin/init ¤Îµ¯Æ°)¤¬Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ç¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£

 

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/dev/initrd ¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤È¤·¤Æ¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£ LOADLIN ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ LILO ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ LILO ¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë /etc/lilo.config ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤·¤ÆÍѤ¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ïŵ·¿Åª¤Ê¾ì¹ç gzip °µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤ ¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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root=device-name
Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£ LOADLIN ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ LILO ¤Ç¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢ LILO ¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë /etc/lilo.config ¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¤È¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡£ ¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ï¡¢Å¬Àڤʥ롼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤· ¤Æ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È²Äǽ¤Ê¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
 

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¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢ rdev ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÆâ¤Ë¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë»þ¤Ë¥«¡¼ ¥Í¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÆâ¤ËËä¤á¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î)¡¢ ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥óÀßÄê¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼ ¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£ NFS ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ nfs_root_name ¤È nfs_root_addrs ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò NFS ¤ÎÀßÄê¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÍѤ¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ NFS ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¥ë¡¼¥È(¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à)¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Î¡¢¤è¤ê¾Ü¤·¤¤¾ðÊó¤Ë¤Ä ¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Î¥É¥­¥å¥á¥ó¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë nfsroot.txt ¤ò»²¾È¤Î»ö¡£ ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¡¢¤è¤ê¾Ü¤·¤¤¾ðÊó¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ LILO ¤È LOADLIN ¤Î¥É¥­¥å¥á¥ó¥È¤ò»²¾È¤Î»ö¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¢ /linuxrc ¤òÍѤ¤¤ë»ö¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤âÄ̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È ¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ /linuxrc ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¢Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ /proc ¤¬¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ /proc ¤¬¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¸å¡¢ /linuxrc ¼Â¹Ô»þ¤Ë proc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev, /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name, /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤à»ö¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÄ̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¡£ /(NFS ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤)ʪÍýŪ¤Ê¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ /linuxrc ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¿·¤·¤¤¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹Èֹ椬 /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë»ö¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ NFS ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ /linuxrc ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ NFS ¤ÎÀßÄ꤬ /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name ¤È /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤Þ¤ì¡¢¤µ¤é¤Ë /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev ¤Ë(µ¿»÷ NFS ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥Ê¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤Ç¤¢¤ë) 0xff ¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤à¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥ë¡¼¥È ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¼¡¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤ÏÄ̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò /dev/hdb1 ¤ËÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

        echo 0x365 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
¤Þ¤¿¡¢NFS ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥·¥§¥ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤Ï¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯ ¤Î 193.8.232.2 ¤È¤¤¤¦ IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò»ý¤Ä NFS ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¤Î /var/nfsroot NFS ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò 193.8.232.7 ¤È¤¤¤¦ IP ¤ò»ý¤Ä idefix ¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¾Á°¤Î¥· ¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÄ̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤È¤·¤Æ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
        echo /var/nfsroot >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name
        echo 193.8.232.2:193.8.232.7::255.255.255.0:idefix \
          >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
        echo 255 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
 

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¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Êή¤ì¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¬²Äǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë:

1. ¥í¡¼¥À¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¤ä¡¢¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤«¤é¥ß¥Ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë(Î㤨 ¤Ð¡¢ /dev/ram, /dev/initrd ¤È ext2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¤ß¤Î¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤¿¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë)¤ò¥Ö¡¼¥È¤·¡¢ gzip °µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿½é´ü²½¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤ò /dev/initrd ¤Ë¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¡£

2. /linuxrc ¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢(1) Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à(¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¢¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥¿¥¤ ¥×¡¢¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à)¤Î¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È (2) ÇÛÉÛ¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢(Îã ¤¨¤Ð¡¢CD-ROM, ¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¡¢¥Æ¡¼¥×¡¢¡Ä) ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ê¤Ë¤¬É¬Íפ«¤ò·èÄꤹ¤ë¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ø¤ÎÌ䤤¹ç¤ï¤»¡¢¼«Æ°¸¡½Ð¡¢¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¤½¤Îξ¼Ô¤ÎÊýË¡¤òÁÈ¤ß¹ç ¤ï¤»¤Æ»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë»ö¤Ç²ò·è¤¹¤ë¡£

3. ¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢ /linuxrc ¤Î³¤­¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢½é´ü²½¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤éɬÍפʥ⠥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤ò¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¡£

4. ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºîÀ®¤·¡¢ÇÛÃÖ¤¹¤ë(¤³¤ÎÃʳ¬¤Ç¤Ï¡¢Ä̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼ ¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï´°Á´¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤¢¤ëɬÍפϤʤ¤)¡£

5. /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¡¢ /proc ¤ä¡¢¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÄ̾ï»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¡¢¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à ¤ò¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¡¢ /linuxrc ¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤ò½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£

6. ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤ËÄ̾ï»þ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

7. ¤³¤Î¾õÂ֤ǡ¢¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¡¢ÍøÍÑ²Ä Ç½¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£

8. ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Ï¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àµ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥â¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤Î¥»¥Ã ¥È¤ò´Þ¤ó¤À /dev/initrd ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤ò½¤Àµ¤·¡¢¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¡£ºÇ¸å¤Ë¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤Î¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤­½Ð¤¹)¡£

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(¾¤Ë¤â¤¿¤¯¤µ¤óÎ㤬¤¢¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¤¬)ºÇ¸å¤ÎÎã¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢CD-ROM ¾å¤Î Linux ¥Ç¥£ ¥¹¥È¥ê¥Ó¥å¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤è¤ê´Êñ¤Ë CD-ROM ¤«¤é¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë initrd ¤òÍøÍѤǤ­¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¡£ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥È¥ê¥Ó¥å¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¤òÁ´¤¯ÍøÍѤ»¤º¤Ë CD-ROM ¤«¤éľÀÜ /dev/initrd ¤ò¥í¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë LOADLIN ¤òÍøÍѤǤ­¤ë¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢ LILO ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥Ö¡¼¥È¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¢CD-ROM ¤«¤é /dev/initrd ¤òÄ̤·¤Æ¤è¤êÂ礭¤Ê¥é¥à¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¹¥È¥é¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¡£  

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/dev/initrd ¤ÏÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ßÀìÍѤ˥֥í¥Ã¥¯¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¥á¥¸¥ã¡¼¥Ê¥ó¥Ð¡¼ 1 ¥Þ¥¤¥Ê¡¼¥Ê¥ó¥Ð¡¼ 250 ¤¬³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£ ÉáÄÌ¡¢ /dev/initrd ¤Î½êÍ­¼Ô¤Ï root.disk ¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¥â¡¼¥É¤Ï 400 (root ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÆÉ¤ß½Ð¤¹»ö¤Î¤ß²Äǽ) ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ ¤â¤·¡¢Linux ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¤¢¤é¤«¤¸¤áºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿ /dev/initrd ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤ë»ö¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æºî À®¤¹¤ë»ö¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£:

        mknod -m 400 /dev/initrd b 1 250
        chown root:disk /dev/initrd

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1. ¸½ºß¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤¬ / ¤«¤é /initrd ¤Ë°Üư¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ¤Ë¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¸å¤â·Ñ³Ū¤Ë ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£¤·¤«¤·¡¢ /proc/mounts ¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ï¹¹¿·¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

2. ¸½ºß¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ /initrd ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬Â¸ºß¤¼¤º¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤ò²¿¤é¤«¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤ê¡¢²¿¤é¤«¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¤½¤Î¾å¤Ë ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤Ï´°Á´¤Ë¤Ï¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£ /dev/ram0 ¤¬¡¢´°Á´¤Ë¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢ /dev/ram0 ¤Ï¥á¥â¥ê¾å¤Ë»Ä¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

3. /dev/initrd ¤ÎÍøÍѼԤϡ¢¾åµ­¤ÎÃí°Õ»ö¹à¤Ç½Ò¤Ù¤Æ¤­¤¿Æ°ºî¤Ë°Í¸¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Îưºî¤Ï Linux ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Î¾­Íè¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤ÏÊѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì ¤Ê¤¤¡£  

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initrd ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥³¡¼¥É¤Ï Werner Almesberger <almesber@lrc.epfl.ch> ¤È Hans Lermen <lermen@elserv.ffm.fgan.de> ¤Ë ¤è¤Ã¤Æ½ñ¤«¤ì¤¿¡£ initrd ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤¬Àµ¼°¤Ê Linux ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ËÁȤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ï³«È¯¼Ô¸þ¤±¥Ð¡¼ ¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿ 1.3.73 ¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£


 

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